Ukrainians Scared by Russia Referendums09/26 07:07

   After seven months of war, many Ukrainians fear even more suffering and 
political repression as referendums orchestrated by the Kremlin portend 
Russia's imminent annexation of four occupied regions.

   KYIV, Ukraine (AP) -- After seven months of war, many Ukrainians fear even 
more suffering and political repression as referendums orchestrated by the 
Kremlin portend Russia's imminent annexation of four occupied regions.

   Many residents fled the regions before the so-called referendums got 
underway, scared about being forced to vote or potentially being conscripted 
into the Russian army. Others described hiding behind closed doors, hoping to 
avoid having to answer to armed soldiers going door-to-door to collect votes.

   Petro Kobernik, who left the Russian-held southern city of Kherson just 
before the preordained voting began Friday, said the prospect of living under 
Russian law and the escalating war made him and others extremely jittery about 
the future.

   "The situation is changing rapidly, and people fear that they will be hurt 
either by the Russian military, or Ukrainian guerrillas and the advancing 
Ukrainian troops," Kobernik, 31, said in a telephone interview.

   As some Russian officials brought ballots to neighborhoods accompanied by 
armed police, Kobernik said his 70-year-old father shut the door of his private 
house in the village of Novotroitske -- part of Kherson -- and vowed not to let 
anyone in.

   The referendums, denounced by Kyiv and its Western allies as rigged, are 
taking place in the Russian-controlled Luhansk and Kherson regions, and in 
occupied areas of the Donetsk and Zaporizhzhia regions. They are widely viewed 
as a pretext for annexation, and Russian authorities are expected to announce 
the regions as theirs once the vote ends Tuesday.

   The Kremlin has used this tactic before. In 2014, it held a hastily called 
referendum in Ukraine's Crimea region to justify annexation of the Black Sea 
peninsula, a move that was denounced as illegitimate by most of the world.

   Ukrainian authorities have told residents of the four Russian-occupied 
regions that they would face criminal punishment if they cast ballots and 
advised them to leave.

   Russian President Vladimir Putin, who began mobilizing more troops for the 
war last week, said he's ready to use nuclear weapons to protect territory in a 
clear threat to Ukraine to halt its attempts to reclaim the regions.

   Putin's escalating rhetoric and politically risky decision to call up as 
many as 300,000 army reservists comes after Russians were hastily forced to 
retreat from large swaths of northeastern Ukraine earlier this month. A fierce 
Ukrainian counteroffensive continues in the country's east and south.

   Moscow-appointed governor of the southern Kherson region, Vladimir Saldo, 
vowed that Ukrainian attempts to derail the referendum by shelling the city 
won't succeed.

   "It's complicated because of security issues, but everything will be done to 
make the balloting safe for the voters and election officials," Saldo said in a 
video address. "People are waiting to join Russia and want it done as quickly 
as possible."

   Moscow-backed separatists in the eastern Donetsk and Luhansk regions claim 
that most residents of these territories have dreamed about joining Russia ever 
since Russia's annexation of Crimea.

   But many residents there tell a different story.

   "The streets are empty as people stay home," Marina Irkho, a 38-year-old 
resident of the Sea of Azov port city of Berdyansk said by phone. "No one wants 
them to declare us part of Russia and start rounding up our men."

   She said that "those who actively stood for Ukraine have left or gone into 
hiding," adding that many of the older people who supported Russia have stayed 
but feel scared.

   Ukrainian guerrillas have continuously targeted Moscow-appointed officials 
in the occupied regions.

   Just a week before the referendum, a deputy head of the Berdyansk city 
administration and his wife who headed the city election commission were killed 
in an attack.

   Members of the Yellow Band guerrilla group named after Ukraine's 
yellow-and-blue national flag have spread leaflets threatening those who cast 
ballots and urged residents to send photos and video of people who vote to 
track them down later.

   The guerrillas also posted phone numbers of election commission chiefs in 
the Kherson region, calling on pro-Ukraine activists to "make their life 
unbearable."

   Ukrainian officials say signs of the referendums' illegitimacy are all 
around.

   "The Russians are seeing the citizens' fear and reluctance to vote, so they 
are forced to take people in," said Ivan Fedorov, the Ukrainian mayor of the 
Russia-held city of Melitopol, who was detained and held by the Russians before 
leaving the city.

   "Groups of collaborators and Russians accompanied by armed troops go from 
one apartment to another, but few people open the doors," Fedorov said. "The 
haste with which they organized that pseudo-referendum shows that they weren't 
going to even count the ballots in earnest."

   Larysa Vinohradova, a resident of the port city of Mariupol who left the 
city after the Russian invasion, said that many of her friends stayed because 
they had to take care of elderly parents refusing to flee. "They don't stand 
for Russia, they want Mariupol to be part of Ukraine, and they are waiting for 
it," she said, bursting into tears.

   Luhansk Gov. Serhiy Haidai, who left the region after it was swept by the 
Russian forces, said that residents fear that the Russians will round up more 
men in the region for military service following Putin's mobilization order.

   "The Russians are using this pseudo-referendum as a pretext for armed people 
to visit apartments and search for any remaining men to mobilize them and also 
look for anything suspicious and pro-Ukrainian," Haidai told The Associated 
Press.

   "The swift Ukrainian counteroffensive has scared the Russians," he added.

   Analysts say Putin is hoping to use the threat of military escalation to 
force Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy into negotiating with the Kremlin.

   "The haste with which the referendums were called shows the weakness of the 
Kremlin, not its strength," said Volodymyr Fesenko, head of the Penta Center, 
an independent think tank based in Kyiv. "The Kremlin is struggling to find 
levers to influence the situation that has spun out of its control."